Gap Analysis Publications

Abd-Elrahman, A., L. Pearlstine, B.A. Dewitt, and S.E. Smith.  2001.  Detection of positional errors in systems utilizing small-format digital aerial imagery and navigation sensors using area-based matching techniques.  Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 67:825-831.

Airola, T.M.  1996.  Emerging technologies: Digital aerial photography - an overview.  Pages 269-277 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Allen, C.R., L.G. Pearlstine, and W.M. Kitchens.  2001.  Modeling viable mammal populations in gap analyses.  Biological Conservation 99:135-144.

Allen, C.R., L.G. Pearlstine, D.P. Wojcik, and W.M. Kitchens.  2001.  The spatial distribution of diversity between disparate taxa: Spatial correspondence between mammals and ants across South Florida, USA.  Landscape Ecology 16:453-464.

Allen, L.  1992.  Ecology Forum: Plugging the gaps.  Nature Conservancy (September/October):8-9. 

Allen, C.R., L. Pearlstine, and D.P. Wojcik.  1998.  Gap analysis for ant species.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:10-14. 

Aycrigg, J.L., M.G. Joselyn, M.R. Jeffords, and P.W. Brown.  1998.  Illinois GAP partners with Conservation 2000.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:35-37. 

Bahnsen, B., and P. Brown.  2001.  Land-cover classification for forests.  Illinois Natural History Survey Reports No. 369:3. 

Bain, M.B., and M.S. Meixler.  1998.  Making gap analysis work for New York waters: A state perspective on aquatic GAP.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:22-23.  GAP-922

Bain, M.B., A.L. Harig, D.P. Loucks, R.R. Goforth, and K.E. Mills.  2000.  Aquatic ecosystem protection and restoration: Advances in methods for assessment and evaluation.  Environmental Science and Policy 3(Supplement 1):89-98.

Barcus, H. J. Radcliff, and R. Poudyal.  1999.  Kansas GAP: Preparing the stewardship layer.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:30-31.

Bassett, S.D., T.C. Edwards, Jr., and Collin G. Homer.  In review.  Attribute based aggregation algorithm for generalizing thematic maps.  International Journal of Geographic Information Systems. 

Batten, S.D.  1998.  A procedure for creation of a land-use/land-cover map of Mississippi.  M.S. thesis.  Department of Forestry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi.

Beardsley, K., and D.M. Stoms.  1993.  Compiling a digital map of areas managed for biodiversity in California.  Natural Areas Journal  13(3):177-190. 

Benjamin, S., J.M. White, D. Argiro, and K. Lowell.  1996.  Land cover mapping with Spectrum.  Pages 279-288 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Biggs, B., and A. Singh.  1996.  Compiling a Gap Analysis electronic encyclopedia for the World Wide Web.  Pages 289-295 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  1993.  An analysis of biodiversity in Maine: GIS assessment of terrestrial vertebrate diversity (Poster abstract).  Page 272 in R.D. Briggs and W.B. Krohn, editors.  Nurturing the northeastern forest - stewardship in a changing culture. Maine Agricultural Station Miscellaneous Report.  

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  1997. Species occurrence: What, why, and where?  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:3-6. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  1998a.  A technique for representing diminishing habitat occupation: Feathering predicted species distributions near range limits in Maine.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:41-43. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  1998b.  Maine Gap Analysis vertebrate data - part I: Distribution, habitat relations, and status of amphibians, reptiles, and mammals in Maine.  Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Orono, Maine.  175 pp. + appendices. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  1998c.  Maine Gap Analysis vertebrate data - part II: Distribution, habitat relations, and status of breeding birds in Maine.  Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Orono, Maine.  367 pp. + appendices.  

Boone,  R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  1999.  Modeling the occurrence of bird species: Are the errors predictable?  Ecological Applications 9:835-848. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  2000a.  Partitioning sources of variation in vertebrate species richness.  Journal of Biogeography 27:457-470. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  2000b.  Relationship between avian range limits and plant transition zones in Maine.  Journal of Biogeography 27:471-482. 

Boone, R.B., and W.B. Krohn.  2000c.  Predicting broad-scale occurrences of vertebrates in patchy landscapes.  Landscape Ecology 15:63-74. 

Bourgeois, P., M. Jennings, and J.B. Johnston. 1994.  Coastal gap analysis: Geographic information for conserving biodiversity.  Pages 143-147 in Second Thematic Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments.  New Orleans, Louisiana, January 31 - February 2, 1994.  Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 

Brackney, E., and P. Crist.  1999.  GAP: The first ten years.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:3-6.

Brannon, R.  2000a.  An exploratory look at combining vertebrate models from several states: An overview of vertebrate modeling in the western states.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 9:21-24. 

Brannon, R.  2000b.  An application of a reserve selection algorithm for integrated planning of biodiversity and nonfuel minerals exploration.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 9:51-53. 

Brannon, R., C.B. Yuill, and S.A. Perry.  1995.  Ecological land units, GIS, and remote sensing: Gap Analysis in the central Appalachians.  Pages 255-260 in Seminar Publication.  National Conference on Environmental Problem-Solving with Geographic Information Systems.  Cincinnati, Ohio, September 21-23, 1994.  EPA/625/R-95/004. 

Bueno, M.  1992.  Quantification of cartographic generalization in land cover maps using spatial pattern index measurements derived from digital satellite imagery.  Masters thesis, Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.

Burke, V.J.  2000.  Landscape ecology and species conservation.  Landscape Ecology 15:1-3. 

Burke, V., and C. Gonzalez-Rebeles.  1998. Gap Analysis for Mexico: An emerging program.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:40-41. 

Burton, S., and C.R. Peterson.  1999. Digital atlas of Idaho: A GIS approach to teaching natural history.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:53-55. 

Butterfield, B. 1992.  Filling the gap.  Horizon Air Magazine  2(7):8. 

Butterfield, B.R., B. Csuti, and J.M. Scott.  1994.  Modeling vertebrate distributions for Gap Analysis.  Pages 53-68 in  R.I. Miller, editor.  Mapping the diversity of nature.  Chapman and Hall, London. 

Caicco, S.L., J.M. Scott, B. Butterfield, and B. Csuti.  1995.  A gap analysis of the management status of the vegetation of Idaho (U.S.A).  Conservation Biology 9:498-511. 

Camm, J.D., S. Polasky, A. Solow, and B. Csuti.  1996.  A note on optimal algorithms for reserve site selection.  Biological Conservation 78: 353-355.

Campbell, P.  1996.  MRLC update and new rules for TM access: The Landsat program management agreement.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 5:11-12. 

Cantú, C., J.M. Scott, and R.G. Wright.  2001.  The Gap Analysis Program on the assessment of nature reserves of Mexico.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 10:8-10.

Capen, D.E., C.E. Ferree, and E.W. Buford.  1999. Landscape diversity as the basis for a reserve design initiative in Vermont.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:51-53. 

Carrero, G., W. Gould, G. González, and J. Ramírez.  In prep.  Native, endemic, nonnative, and critical plants in eight forest types in Puerto Rico: Implications for conservation.  Conservation Biology.

Cassidy, K.M.  1997.  Land cover of Washington State: Description and management.  Volume 1 of the final report for the Washington Gap Analysis Project.  USGS Biological Resources Division/University of Washington, Seattle.  260 pp. 

Cassidy, K.M.  1997.  Washington State land cover manual: Metadata and data dictionary.  Supplement A to final report of Washington Gap Analysis Project.  USGS Biological Resources Division/University of Washington, Seattle.  94 pp. 

Cassidy, K., K. Dvornich, and C. Grue.  1992.  Gap Analysis: A proactive approach to protection of biodiversity.  Northwest Environmental Journal 8:178-179.

Cassidy, K., E.O. Garton, W.B. Krohn, L.S. Mills, J.M. Scott, K. Williams, and B. Csuti.  1994.  Assessing the predictive ability of Gap Analysis vertebrate distribution maps.  Pages Validation 1.1-1.11 in J.M. Scott and M.D. Jennings, editors.  A handbook for Gap Analysis.  Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

Cassidy, K.M., C.E. Grue, M.R. Smith, R.E. Johnson, K.M. Dvornich, K.R. McAllister, P.W. Mattocks, Jr., J.E. Cassady, and K.B. Aubry.  2001.  Using current protection status to assess conservation priorities.  Biological Conservation 97:1-20. 

Cassidy, K.M., M.R. Smith, C.E. Grue, K.M. Dvornich, J.E. Cassady, K.R. McAllister, and R.E. Johnson.  1997.  Gap Analysis of Washington State: An evaluation of the protection of biodiversity. Volume 5 of the final report for the Washington Gap Analysis Project.  USGS Biological Resources Division/University of Washington, Seattle.  137 pp. + maps. 

Chadwick, D.H.  1992.  U.S. imperative: Networking habitats.  Defenders  (Sept/Oct.):26-33. 

Church, R., R. Gerrard, A. Hollander, and D. Stoms.  2000. Understanding the tradeoffs between site quality and species presence in reserve site selection.  Forest Science 46:157-167. 

Church, R.L., D.M. Stoms, and F.W. Davis.  1996.  Reserve selection as a maximal covering location problem.  Biological Conservation 76:105-112. 

Church, R.L., D.M.  Stoms, F.W.  Davis, and B.J.  Okin.  1996.  Planning management activities to protect biodiversity with GIS and an integrated optimization model.  In Proceedings of the Third International Conference/Workshop on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling.  National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, Santa Barbara, California.  

Clark, F.  1996.  The Indiana Gap Analysis metaproject approach.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 5:7-9. 

Clark, F.S., and R.B. Slusher.  2000.  Using spatial analysis to drive reserve design: A case study of a national wildlife refuge in Indiana and Illinois (USA).  Landscape Ecology 15:75-84. 

Cogan, C.  1994.  Terrestrial and aquatic Gap Analysis summary of national data resources and identification of cooperators.  Pages Data Layers 4.1-4.13 in J.M. Scott and M.D. Jennings, editors.  A handbook for Gap Analysis.  Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

Cogan, C.B.  2001.  Biodiversity predictions: Integrating urban growth models with land cover data and species habitat information.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 10:33-36.

Cogan, C.B.  2002.  Biodiversity conflict analysis at multiple spatial scales.  Pages 229-239 in J.M. Scott, P.J. Heglund, M.L. Morrison et al., editors.  Predicting species occurrences: Issues of accuracy and scale.  Island Press, Washington, D.C.  868 pp. 

Cogan, C., and T.C. Edwards, Jr.  1994.  Metadata standards for Gap Analysis.  Pages Metadata 1.1-1.20 in J.M. Scott and M.D. Jennings, editors.  A handbook for Gap Analysis.  Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

Congalton, R.G.  1996.  Accuracy assessment: A critical component of land cover mapping.  Pages 119-131 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Corbley, K.P.  1996.  National GIS fills "gaps" in biological diversity.  GIS World 9(8):50-53.

Covert, S.A., M. Haltuch, and T. Wilson.  2001. What is the Ohio Gap Analysis Program (GAP)?  USGS Fact Sheet FS-093-01.

Cox, J.D.  1997.  A review of MetaMaker.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:27-28. 

Cox, J., R. Kautz, M. MacLaughlin, and T. Gilbert.  1994.  Closing the gaps in Florida's wildlife habitat system.  Office of Environmental Studies, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission.  

Crist, P.  1995.  Gap Analysis: A federal initiative for cooperative data development, analysis, and planning.  Environmental Planning 12(4):3-5. 

Crist, P.  1996.  Gap Analysis: A federal initiative for cooperative data development, analysis, and planning.  The Western Planner 17(1):4-8. 

Crist, P.  1998.  Decision support systems: New tools for data users.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:3-8. 

Crist, P.  2000a.  Animal-distribution modeling in gap analysis: An evolving science.  Conservation Biology (Letters)14:1224-1225.

Crist, P.  2000b.  Regional approaches to modeling animal distributions: Status of current projects and outlook.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 9:25-28. 

Crist, P., and M. Jennings.  1997.  Regionalizing state-level data.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:15-16. 

Crist, P., and M. Jennings.  1999.  A gap analysis of the Lewis & Clark Trail: Fort Peck Dam to Great Falls, Montana.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:55-56. 

Crist, P.J., T.W. Kohley, and J. Oakleaf.  2000.  Assessing land-use impacts on biodiversity using an expert systems tool.  Landscape Ecology 15:47-62. 

Crist, P.J., J.S. Prior-Magee, and B.C. Thompson.  1996.  Land management status categorization in Gap Analysis: A potential enhancement.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 5:20-22. 

Crist, P., and J.M. Scott.  1999a.  Experience and trends in animal distribution modeling.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:11-14. 

Crist, P., and J.M. Scott.  1999b. Identifying the gaps, locating the reserves: Some thoughts on getting gap analysis into conservation practice.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:14-16. 

Crowe, R.E.  1996.  Use of Gap Analysis in regional planning in southern California.  Pages 221-238 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Csuti, B.  1989.  Invertebrate conservation: The key to preserving biological diversity.  Ohio Lepidopterist 11(2):18-20.

Csuti, B. 1991.  Conservation corridors: Countering habitat fragmentation.  Introduction.  Pages 81-90 in W.E. Hudson, editor.  Landscape linkages and biodiversity.  Island Press, Washington, D.C. 

Csuti, B. 1992.  Nature conservation: Cost effective biological surveys and data analysis (Review).  Journal of Wildlife Management 56:621-622.

Csuti, B. 1994a.  Gap Analysis approaches to mapping and managing biodiversity.  Plant Science Bulletin 40:118-120.

Csuti, B. 1994b.  Gap Analysis: Identification of priority areas for biodiversity management and conservation.  Pages Analysis 1.1-1.35 in J.M. Scott and M.D. Jennings, editors.  A handbook for Gap Analysis.  Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

Csuti, B. 1994c.  Gap analysis: Mapping biodiversity for conservation and management.  Endangered Species UPDATE 11(5):1-4.

Csuti, B. 1994d.  Methods for developing terrestrial vertebrate distribution maps for Gap Analysis.  Pages Data Layers 2.1-2.52 in J.M. Scott and M.D. Jennings, editors.  A handbook for Gap Analysis.  Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

Csuti, B.  1996a.  The role of winter bird distribution in conservation planning.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 5:47. 

Csuti, B.  1996b.  Mapping animal distribution areas for Gap Analysis.  Pages 135-145 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Csuti, B., L.A. Graham, and J.M. Scott.  1995.  Gap analysis: A spatial approach to identifying representative areas for maintaining biodiversity.  Pages 537-541 in J.A. Bissonette and P.R. Krausman, editors.  Integrating people and wildlife for a sustainable future.  The Wildlife Society, Bethesda, Maryland.

Csuti, B., R.C. Harmon, and D. Stoms.  1993.  Mapping biodiversity for conservation planning.  ARC News  15(1):22-23.

Csuti, B., P.J. Kennelly, S.M. Meyers, and K. Sahr.  1997.  Current status of biodiversity indicators using GIS.  In 1997 ESRI User Conference Proceedings.  Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California.

Csuti, B., and R. Kiester.  1996.  Hierarchical Gap Analysis for identifying priority areas for biodiversity.  Pages 25-37 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Csuti, B., A.J. Kimerling, T.A. O'Neil, M.M. Shaughnessy, E P. Gaines, and M.M.P. Huso.  1997.  Atlas of Oregon Wildlife: Distribution, habitat, and natural history.  Oregon State University Press, Corvallis. 

Csuti, B., T.A. O’Neil, M.M. Shaughnessy, E.P. Gaines, and J.C. Hak.  2001.  Atlas of Oregon Wildlife, second edition.  Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.

Csuti, B., S. Polasky, P.H. Williams, R.L. Pressey, J.D. Camm, M. Kershaw, A.R. Kiester, B. Downs, R. Hamilton, M. Huso, K. Sahr.  1997.  A comparison of reserve selection algorithms using data on terrestrial vertebrates in Oregon.  Biological Conservation 80:83-97.

Csuti, B., and J.M. Scott.  1991a.  Mapping wildlife diversity for Gap Analysis.  Western Wildlands  17(3):13-18. 

Csuti, B., and J.M. Scott.  1991b.  Northwestern biodiversity initiative.  Natural Resource News  (Spring 1991):7. 

Csuti, B., J.M. Scott, and J. Estes.  1987.  Looking beyond species-oriented conservation. Endangered Species UPDATE  5(2):4.  

Cully, J., and G. Kaufman.  1997.  Kansas: An example of GAP partnering.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:29-31.

Dateo, D.M., M.E. Estey, K.F. Higgins, J.A. Jenks, and R.R. Johnson.  1997.  Use of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service easements for the South Dakota GAP stewardship layer.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:20-21. 

Davis, F.W.  1991.  Geographic information systems analysis of biodiversity in California.  Pages 29-30 in Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual ESRI User Conference. 

Davis, F.W., J.E. Estes, B.C. Csuti, J.M. Scott, D. Stoms, M. Painho, P. Stine, A. Hollander, R. Walker, M. Bueno, C. Cogan, and V. Gray.  1991.  Geographic Information Systems analysis of biodiversity in California.  Final Report - Year 1.  Department of Geography, University of California.  Santa Barbara, California.  

Davis, F.W., P.A. Stine, and D.M. Stoms.  1994.  Distribution and conservation status of coastal sage scrub in southwestern California.  Journal of Vegetation Science 5:743-756. 

Davis, F.W., P.A. Stine, D.M. Stoms, M.I. Borchert, and A.D. Hollander.  1995.  Gap Analysis of the actual vegetation of California - 1. The southwestern region.  Madrońo 42:40-78. 

Davis, F.W., and D.M. Stoms.  1992.  Gap Analysis of biodiversity in California.  Pages 23-29 in H.M. Kerner, editor.  Proceedings of the Symposium on Biodiversity of Northwestern California.  Wildland Resources Center Report 29.  University of California, Berkeley, California. 

Davis, F.W, and D.M. Stoms.  1996a.  A spatial analytical hierarchy for Gap Analysis.  Pages 15-24 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland.

Davis, F.W., and D.M.  Stoms.  1996b.  Sierran vegetation: A gap analysis.  Pages 671-689 in Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: Final Report to Congress, vol.  II, Assessments and scientific basis for management options.  University of California-Davis, Centers for Water and Wildlands Resources, Davis, California.  

Davis, F.W., and D.M.  Stoms.  1996c.  Geographic Information Systems analysis of biodiversity in California.  Final report to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.  Institute for Computational Earth System Science, University of Califonia, Santa Barbara, California.  168 p.

Davis, F.W., D.M.  Stoms, R.L.  Church, B.J.  Okin, and K.N.  Johnson.  1996.  Selecting biodiversity management areas.  Pages 1503-1528 in Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: Final Report to Congress, vol.  II, Assessments and scientific basis for management options.  University of California-Davis, Centers for Water and Wildlands Resources, Davis, California. 

Davis, F.W., D.M. Stoms, J.E. Estes, J. Scepan, and J.M. Scott.  1990.  An information systems approach to the preservation of biological diversity.  International Journal of  Geographic Information Systems  4(1):55-78. 

Davis, F.W., D.M. Stoms, A.D. Hollander, K.A. Thomas, P.A. Stine, D. Odion, and M.I. Borchert.  1998.  A gap analysis of California.  Final report of the California Gap Analysis Project.  USGS Biological Resources Division/University of California, Santa Barbara.  305 pp. 

Davis, F.W., D.  Stoms, P.  Stine, A.  Hollander, M.  Borchert, M.  Bueno, K.  Beardsley, and V.  Gray.  1994.  Gap Analysis of the Southwestern California region.  NCGIA Technical Report 94-04.  National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, Santa Barbara, California.  86 p.

DeGloria, S.D., M. Laba, and S.K. Gregory.  2001.  Mapping the state of New York from Landsat TM - Labelled remotely sensed imagery: Fuzzy and conventional accuracy assessment.  GIM International 15(2):76-79. 

DeGloria, S.D., M. Laba, S.K. Gregory, J. Braden, D. Ogurcak, E. Hill, E. Fegraus, J. Fiore, A. Stalter, J. Beecher, R. Elliott, and J. Weber.  2001.  Conventional and fuzzy accuracy assessment of land cover maps at regional scale.  Proceeedings, 4th International Symposium on Spatial Accuracy Assessment in Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, July 2000, Amsterdam. 

Deitner, R.A., B.C. Thompson, and J.S. Prior-Magee.  1999.  Assessing inter-project data compatibility and information distribution for conservation planning using New Mexico Gap Analysis data.  New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Las Cruces, New Mexico.  25 pp. + appendices. 

Deitner, R.A., B.C. Thompson, and J.S. Prior-Magee.  1999.  Assessing data quality and information distribution prospects for county conservation planning using New Mexico Gap Analysis data.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:40-43. 

D'Erchia, F., B. Drazkowski, and T. Owens, editors.  1993.  Proceedings of the Upper Midwest Gap Analysis workshop, Jan. 12, 1993, Onalaska, WI.  NBS Environmental Management Technical Center 93-PO13. 

Diamond, D.D., T.M. Gordon, and K. He.  2000.  Collection and processing of a high volume of field data for the Missouri land use/land cover mapping project.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 9:8-11. 

Docherty, M., E. Hertz, C. Gesauldo, R. Dressler, and J. McPhedran.  2000. Habitat-based approach to open space planning.  Maine IS Technology 4(8):1-2. 

Driese, K.L., W.A.  Reiners, E.H.  Merrill, and K.G.  Gerow.  1997.  A digital land cover map of Wyoming, USA: A tool for vegetation analysis.  Journal of Vegetation Science 8:133-146. 

Duever, L.C., and R.F. Noss.  1990.  A computerized method of priority ranking for natural areas.  Pages 22-33 in R.S. Mitchell, C.J. Sheviak, and D.J. Leopold, editors.  Ecosystem management: Rare species and significant habitats.  Bulletin No. 471, New York State Museum, Albany, New York. 

Durham, D.  1996.  Managing natural resources: A planning guide for Franklin County.  The Tennessee Conservation League.  10 p. 

Durham, D.  1997.  Conservation planning and local governments.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:31-32. 

Dvornich, K.  1998.  The NatureMapping Program's first five years.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:33-35. 

Dvornich, K.M., K.R. McAllister, and K.B. Aubry.  1997.  Amphibians and reptiles of Washington State: Location data and predicted distributions. Volume 2 of the final report for the Washington Gap Analysis Project.  USGS Biological Resources Division/University of Washington, Seattle.  146 pp.

Dzur, R.  1996.  Expanding roles for Gap Analysis data in Arkansas.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 5:9-11. 

Dzur, R., M.E. Garner, K.G. Smith, and W.F. Limp.  1996.  Gap Analysis partnerships for mapping the vegetation of Arkansas.  Pages 179-186 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr.  1995.  Protection status of vegetation cover-types in Utah.  Pages 463-464 in E.T. LaRoe, G.S. Farris, C.E. Puckett, P.D. Doran, and M.J. Mac, editors.  Our living resources.  National Biological Service, Washington, D.C. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr.  1996.  Letters: Data defensibility and Gap Analysis.  BioScience 46:75-77. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr., E.T. Deshler, D. Foster, and G.G. Moisen.  1996.  Adequacy of wildlife habitat relation models for estimating spatial distributions of terrestrial vertebrates.  Conservation Biology 10:263-270. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr., C.G. Homer, and S.D. Bassett.  1994.  Land management categorization: A user's guide.  Pages Data Layers 3.1-3.6 in J.M. Scott and M.D. Jennings, editors.  A handbook for Gap Analysis.  Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

Edwards, T.C., Jr., C.H. Homer, S.D. Bassett, A. Falconer, R.D. Ramsey, and D.W. Wight. 1995.  Utah Gap Analysis: An environmental information system.  Final Project Report 95-1, Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr., G.G. Moisen, and D.R. Cutler.  1998.  Assessing map accuracy in a remotely sensed, ecoregion-scale cover map.  Remote Sensing of the Environment. 63:73-83. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr., and J.M. Scott. 1994.  Use of gap analysis as a tool for the management of biodiversity.  Pages 82-86 in I.D. Thompson, senior editor.  Proceedings, International Union of Game Biologists, XXI Congress; August 15, 1993, Halifax, Canada.  Volume 1. 

Edwards, T.C., Jr., J.M. Scott, C.G. Homer, and R.D. Ramsey.  1993.  Gap Analysis: A geographic approach for assessing national biological diversity.  Natural Resources and Environmental Issues 2:65-71. 

Egbert, S., C. Lauver, C. Blodgett, K. Price, and E. Martinko.  1997.  Mapping the Kansas grasslands: A multiseasonal approach.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:12-13. 

ERDAS, Inc.  1996.  Eye on the environment.  Monitor (Winter 1996): 8-10.

Estes, J.  1996.  A perspective on trends in conservation, GAP, and a vision for the future of biodiversity managed areas.  Pages 299-306 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland.

Eve, M., and J. Merchant.  1997.  The Nebraska Gap Analysis Project: Geographic information for land resource managers.  Center for Grassland Studies 3(4):1,5.

Eve, M.D., J.W. Merchant, and K.C. Kroll.  1997.  A preliminary analysis of GAP land cover mapping procedures.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 6:14-15. 

Falconer, A., T.C. Edwards, Jr., C.G. Homer, and J.M. Scott.  1994.  Biodiversity assessment: Remote sensing and GIS products for Gap Analysis.  Pages 341-349 in Land information from space based systems: Proceedings of the Pecora 12 Symposium.  ASPRS, Bethesda, Maryland.

Falconer, A., T.C. Edwards, Jr., and J.M. Scott.  1994.  Environmental data base products for decision-making: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Gap Analysis prototype.  Pages 73-81 in A. Singh, editor.  Proceedings of the International Workshop on Developing Large Environmental Data Bases for Sustainable Development, United Nations Environment Programme Series No. 22.

Falconer, A., D. Wight, R.D. Ramsey, T. Edwards, S. Bassett, and C. Homer.  1996.  Issues of GIS: "Database thinking" and database structure.  Pages 259-268 in J.M. Scott, T.H. Tear, and F. Davis, editors.  Gap Analysis: A landscape approach to biodiversity planning.  American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland. 

Fertig, W.  1999.  Predictive modeling of rare plant species.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 8:18-19. 

Fertig, W., and W.A. Reiners.  2002.  Predicting presence/absence of plant species for range mapping : A case study from Wyoming.  Pages 483-489 in J.M. Scott, P.J. Heglund, M. Morrison, M. Raphael, J. Haufler, and B. Wall, editors.  Predicting species occurrences: Issues of scale and accuracy.  Island Press, Washington, D.C.  868 pp.     

Fertig, W., W.A. Reiners, and R.L. Hartman.  1998.  Gap analysis for plant species.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 7:24-25. 

Fertig, W., and R. Thurston.  2001.  Gap analysis of the flora of Wyoming.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 10:3-6.

Fisher, W.L., and M.S. Gregory.  2001.  Managing biodiversity in Oklahoma: A case for private land conservation.  Gap Analysis Bulletin 10:6-7.

Flather, C.H., K.R.  Wilson, D.J.  Dean, and W.C.  McComb.  1997.  Identifying gaps in conservation networks: Of indicators and uncertainty in geographic-based analyses.