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Bibliography of Biodiversity and Socioeconomic Issues

This bibliography contains over 600 citations of books, book chapters, journal articles, and reports that address biodiversity and socioeconomic issues. Please keep in mind that this list is somewhat dated.

Citations are arranged alphabetically. Most citations are followed by key words which represent the important points of the paper related to socioeconomic factors and biodiversity. To quickly find a reference, click on the "Find" feature of your client and enter an author's name, title, or key word.

Current as of June 6, 1997.

Agarwal, M., A. Shukla and V. N. Pal. 1993. Grazing of forested grasslands and its conservation. Ecological Modelling 69(1/2):57-62.
Key Words: ecology/ecosystem diversity/livestock/habitat loss/theory/modeling

Agnew, C. 1990. Green belt around the Sahara. Geographical Magazine62(4):26-30.
Key Words: forestry/livestock/habitat loss/theory

Ahlund, M. and F. Gotmark. 1989. Gull predation on eider ducklings Somateriamollissima: affects of human disturbance. Biological Conservation48(2):115-127.
Key Words: ecology/eider ducklings/birds/ecosystem stress

Aiken, S. R. and C. H. Leigh. 1992. Vanishing rain forests: The ecological transition. Oxford: Oxford Unviersity Press.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/Malaysia/deforestation/theory

Airola, D. A. 1988. Guide to California wildlife habitat relationships system. Calif. Dept. Fish and Game, Rancho Cordova. 74pp.

Alaback, P. 1988. Endless battles, verdant survivors. Natural History97(8):44-51.
Key Words: forestry

Alho, C. J., T. E. Lacher and H. C. Gonçalves. 1988. Environmental degradation in the Pantanal ecosystem. BioScience 38(3):164-171.
Key Words: all levels of diversity/ Brazil/agriculture/wildlife/forestry/mining/ habitat loss/ecosystem stress/theory

Alig, R. J. 1986. Econometric analysis of the factors influencing forest acreage trends in the southeast. Forest Science 32(1):119-134.
Key Words: economics/human population/rural development/theory

Allen, J. M. 1963. The nature of biological diversity. New York: McGrawHill, Inc.
Key Words: ecology/all levels of diversity

Allen, J. C. and D. F. Barnes. 1985. The causes of deforestation in developing countries. Annals of the Association of American Geographers75(2):163-184.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/human population/economic activity/forestry/management

Allen, T. F. H. and T. B. Starr. 1982. Hierarchy: Perspectives for ecological complexity. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Key Words: ecology/all levels of diversity/theory/modeling

Allendorf, F. and R. Leary. 1986. Heterozygosity and fitness in natural populations of animals. Pp. 57-76 in Conservation biology: The science of scarcity and diversity, editor M. E. Soulé. Sunderland, MA: SinauerAssociates.
Key Words: genetic diversity/theory

Altaba, C. R. 1990. The last known population of the freshwater mussel Margaritifera auricularia (Bivalvia, Unionoida): A conservation priority. Biological Conservation 52(4):271-286.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/aquatic/mussel/fisheries

Altier, M. A. 1993. Ethnoscience and biodiversity: Key elements in the design of sustainable pest management systems for small farmers in developing countries. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 46(1-4):257-272.
Key Words: other social science/ecology/agriculture/management

Alvarez, R. and A. Makhijani. 1988. Hidden legacy of the arms race radioactive waste. Technology Review 91(6):43-51.
Key Words: industry/ecosystem stress

American Ornithologists' Union. 1983. Checklist of North American birds. Sixth ed. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kans. 877pp.

Anable, M. E., M. P. McClaran and G. B. Ruyle. 1992. Spread of introduced Lehmann lovegrass Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees. in southern Arizona, USA. Biological Conservation 61(3):181- 188.
Key Words: species diversity/grass/USA/species introduction/habitat loss

Anderson, J. G. 1973. Causal models and social indicators toward development of social system models. American Sociological Review 38(3):285-301.
Key Words: sociology/theory/modeling

Anderson, J. R., E. E. Hardy, J. T. Roach, and R. E. Witmer, 1976. A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for Use with Remote Sensor Data,U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 964, p. 28.

Andre, H. M., P. Lebrun and M. I. Noti. 1992. Biodiveristy in Africa: A pleafor more data (editorial). Journal of African Zoology 106(1):3.
Key Words: conservation biology/all levels of diversity/Africa/government policy/management/methods

Andrews, F. M. 1986. Research on the quality of life. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research.
Key Words: sociology/human population/theory

Anon. 1993. Biodiversity: There's a reason for it. Science 262(5139):1511.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/theory

Armstrong, D. M. 1972. Distribution of mammals in Colorado. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. Monogr. 3. 41pp.

Arrandale, T. 1991. Endangered species. CQ Researcher 1(7):395-413.
Key Words: species diversity/ecosystem diversity/government policy

Atwood, C. L. 1989. Restoring the ravaged range. Pp. 331-364 in Audubon Wildlife Report 1989/1990, editor W. J. Chandler. San Diego: Academic Press,Inc.
Key Words: species diversity/livestock

Austin, M. P. 1991. Vegetation: data collection and analysis. Pages 37-41 in C. R. Margules and M. P. Austin, eds. Nature conservation: cost effective biological surveys and data analysis. Australia CSIBO, East Melbourne.

Ayres, J. M., R. E. Bodmer and R. A. Mittermeier. 1991. Financial considerations of reserve design in countries with high primate diversity. Conservation Biology 5(1):109-114.
Key Words: species diversity/primates/government policy/protected areas/management

Ayuwat, D. 1993. Effects of migration patterns on forest use and forestry projects in a Thai village. Society and Natural Resources 6(2):195-202.
Key Words: sociology/Thailand/human population/government policy/habitatloss

Azhar, R. A. 1993. Commons, regulation, and rent-seeking behavior: Thedilemma of Pakistan's guzara forests. Economic Development and CulturalChange 42(1):115-129.
Key Words: government policy/forestry

Bachman, D. 1991. For a 'pound of gold' Noranda submits plans to mine aboveYellowstone watersheds. Greater Yellowstone Report 8(1):6-8.
Key Words: mining/human population/ecosystem stress/theory

Bahre, C. J. 1979. Destruction of the natural vegetation of north-centralChile. University of California Publication in Geography, 23. Berkeley, CA:University of California Press.

______. 1991. A legacy of change: Historic human impact on vegetation in theArizona borderlands. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press.
Key Words: ecology/flora/rural development/natural forces/theory

Bailey, K. D. 1990. From POET to PISTOL: Reflections on the ecologicalcomplex. Sociological Inquiry 60(4):386-394.
Key Words: sociology/theory/modeling

Bailey, V. 1936. The mammals and life zones of Oregon. U.S.D.A. Bur. Biol.Surv., North Am. Fauna 55. 4l6pp.

Baker, R. H. 1956. Mammals of Coahuila, Mexico. Univ. Kans. Publ., Mus. Nat.Hist. 9:125-335.

Baker, W. L. 1989. A review of models of landscape change. Landscape Ecology2(2):111-133.
Key Words: ecology/modeling

Baker, W. L. 1984. A preliminary classification of the natural vegetation ofColorado. Great Basin Nat. 44:647-676.

Barber, B. 1987. Effective social science: Eight cases in economics,political science, and sociology. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Key Words: economics/sociology/government policy/methods

Barbier, E. B., J. C. Burgess and A. Markandya. 1991. The economics oftropical deforestation. Ambio 20(2):55-58.
Key Words: economics/tropical/government policy/economicactivity/deforestation

Barkham, J. P. 1992. The effects of management on the ground flora ofancient woodland, Brigsteer Park Wood, Cumbria, England. BiologicalConservation 60(3):167-187.
Key Words: ecosystem diversity/forestry

Bauer, R. 1966. Social indicators. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Key Words: economics/sociology/government policy/methods

Beatley, T. 1991. Protecting biodiversity in coastal environments:Introduction and overview. Coastal Management 19(1):1-?

Beattie, A. J. 1991. Biodiversity and bioresources: The forgotten connection.Search 22(2):59-61.
Key Words: species diversity

Bedford, B. L. and E. M. Preston. 1988. Developing the scientific basis forassessing cumulative effects of wetland loss and degradation on landscapefunctions: Status, perspectives and prospects. Environmental Management12(5):751-771.
Key Words: landscape diversity/wetlands/management/methods

Bennett, J. W. 1976. The ecological transition: Cultural anthropology andhuman adaptation. New York: Pergamon Press, Inc.
Key Words: sociology/other social science/theory

Berger, J. and D. Daneke. 1988. Effects of agricultural, industrial, andrecreational expansion on frequency of wildlife law violations in thecentral Rocky Mountains, USA. Conservation Biology 2(3):283-289.
Key Words: USA/economic activity/governmentpolicy/agriculture/industry/tourism/wildlife/management

Bernardino, F. S. Jr. and G. H. Dalrymple. 1992. Seasonal activity and roadmortality of the snakes of the Pa-hay-okee wetland of Everglades NationalPark, USA. Biological Conservation 62(2):71-75.
Key Words: snakes/USA/tourism/management

Berry, L. and D. Johnson. 1986. Geographical approaches to environmentalchange: Assessing human impacts on global resources. Pp. 67-93 in Naturalresources and people: Conceptual issues in interdisciplinary research,editors K. A. Dahlberg and J. W. Bennett. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/geography/human population/economicactivity/habitat loss/management/theory

Billings, W.D. 1978. Alpine phytogeography across the Great Basin. GreatBasin Naturalist Memoirs, number 2. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.

Bilsborrow, R. E. and H. W. O. Okoth Ogendo. 1992. Population-driven changesin land use in developing countries. Ambio 21(1):37-45.
Key Words: human population/government policy

Blaikie, P. and H. Brookfield. 1987. Land degradation and society. New York:Methuen.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/geography/human population/ecosystemstress/theory

Blaisdell, J.P. and R.C. Holmgren. 1984. Managing Intermountainrangeland-salt desert shrub ranges. USDA Forest Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep.INT-163. Intermountain Forest & Range Exp. Sta., Ogden, Utah. 52 pp.

Blum, E. 1993. Making biodiversity conservation profitable: A case study ofthe Merck/INBio agreement. Environment 35(4):16-?
Key Words: species diversity/Costa Rica/economic activity/management

Bock, C. E. and J. H. Bock. 1993. Cover of perennial grasses in southeasternArizona in relation to livestock grazing. Conservation Biology 7(2):371-377.
Key Words: species diversity/grass/USA/livestock

Bodmer, R. E., T. G. Fang, I. L. Moya and R. Gill. 1994. Managing wildlifeto conserve Amazonian forests: Population biology and economicconsiderations of game hunting. Biological Conservation 67(1):29-35.
Key Words: species diversity/mammals/Peru/wildlife/management

Bodmer, R. E., R. J. Mather and D. J. Chivers. 1991. Rain forests of centralBorneo threatened by modern development. Oryx 25(1):21-26.
Key Words: ecology/Borneo/rural development

Boj, J. P. 1991. Economics and land degradation. Ambio 20(2):75-79.
Key Words: economics/economic activity/government policy/habitatloss/ecosystem stress

Bojorquez-Tapia, L. A., P. F. Folliott and D. P. Guertin. 1990.Multiple-resource modeling as a tool for conservation: Its applicability inMexico. Environmental Management 14(3):317-324.
Key Words: Mexico/government policy/protected areas/modeling

Bolton, M. P., and B. L. Specht. 1983. A method for selecting natureconservation reserves. Australian Natl. Parks and Wildl. Serv. Occas. Pap.8:1-32.

Bojorquez T.L., Ezcurra E., & Flores V.O. 1995. Identifying conservation priorities in Mexico through geographic information systems and modeling. Ecological Applications. 5 (1): 215-231.

Bormann, F. H. 1985. Air pollution and forests: An ecosystem perspective.BioScience 35(7):434-441.
Key Words: ecology/forestry/industry/ecosystem stress

______. 1990. Air pollution and temperate forests: Creeping degradation. Pp.25-44 in The earth in transition: Patterns and processes of bioticimpoverishment, editor G. Woodwell. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Key Words: forestry/industry/ecosystem stress/management/theory

Bowns, J. E. and N. E. West. 1976. Blackbrush (Coleognyne ramosissimaTorr.) on Southwestern Utah Rangelands. Utah Agriculture Experiment Station,Research Report 27, Logan Utah.

Bowonder, B. 1987. Environmental problems in developing countries. Progressin Physical Geography 11(2):246-259.
Key Words: human population/economic activity/governmentpolicy/agriculture/deforestation/industry/theory

Boxley, R. F. 1981. Competition for agricultural land to the year 2000. Pp.103-185 in Agricultural land availability: Papers on the supply and demandfor agricultural lands in the United States, editor M. F. Brewer.Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Key Words: agriculture/rural development/urban development/theory

Boyden, S. 1979. An integrative ecological approach to the study of humansettlements. MAB Technical Notes 12. Paris: UNESCO.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/human population/management

Bracken, I. 1989. The generation of socioeconomic surfaces for public policymaking. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 16(3):307-325.
Key Words: geography/methods

Braithwaite, R. W., W. M. Lonsdale and J. A. Estbergs. 1989. Alienvegetation and native biota in tropical Australia: The impact of Mimosapigra. Biological Conservation 48(3):189-210.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/Australia/ecosystem stress

Bramwell, D. 1990. Conserving biodiversity in the Canary Islands. Annals ofthe Missouri Botanical Garden 77(1):28-37.
Key Words: species diversity/flora/Canary Islands/governmentpolicy/protected areas

Branson, F. A. 1966. Geographic distribution and factors affecting thedistribution of salt desert shrubs in the United States. BLM Salt DesertShrub Symposium, Cedar City, Utah.

Braun-Blanquet, J. 1964. Plant sociology. In C. D. Fuller and H.S. Conrad,translators. The study of plant communities. Harper, London, U.K. 439pp.

Bratton, S. P. and P. S. White. 1981. Rare and endangered plant speciesmanagement: Potential threats and practical problems in U.S. national parksand preserves. Pp. 459-474 in The biological aspects of rare plantconservation, editor H. Synge. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Key Words: flora/economic activity

Brookfield, H. C., editor. 1980. Population-environment relations intropical islands: The case of eastern Fiji. MAB Technical Notes 13, Paris:UNESCO.

Brookfield, H. C. and P. Brown. 1963. Struggle for land: Agricultural andgroup territories among the Chimbu of the New Guinea Highlands. New York:Cambridge University Press.

Brooks, D. R., R. L. Mayden and D. A. McLennan. 1992. Phylogeny andbiodiversity: Conserving our evolutionary legacy. Trends in ecology andevolution 7(2):55-59.
Key Words: species diversity/management

Brown, J. F., T. R. Loveland, J. W. Merchant, B. C. Reed, and D. O. Ohlen,1993. Using multisource data in global land-cover characterization:concepts, requirements, and methods. Photogrammetric Engineering and RemoteSensing, 59: 977- 987.

Brown, D. E., C. H. Lowe, and C. P. Pase. 1980. A digitized systematicclassification for ecosys tems with an illustrated summary of the naturalvegetation of North America. U.S. For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Bep. BM-73. 93pp.

Brussard, P. F. 1991. The role of ecology in biological conservation. Ecol.Appl. 1(1):6-12.

Bueno, M., 1992. Quantification of Cartographic Generalization in Land CoverMaps Using Spatial Pattern Index Measurements Derived from Digital SatelliteImagery, Masters thesis, Department of Geography, University of California,Santa Barbara.

Burch, W. R. Jr. 1971. Daydreams and nightmares: A sociological essay onthe American environment. New York: Harper and Row.
Key Words: sociology/human population/theory

Burch, W. R. Jr. and D. R. DeLuca. 1984. Measuring the social impact ofnatural resource policies. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/sociology/human population/governmentpolicy/management/theory/methods

Burger, J. and M. Gochfeld. 1993. Tourism and short-term behavioralresponses of nesting masked, red-footed, and blue-footed boobies in the Galapagos. Environmental Conservation 20(3):255- 259.
Key Words: other biological science/birds/Ecuador/tourism

Burhenne, W. 1992. Biodiversity -- The legal aspects. Environmental Policyand Law 22(5&6):324-?

Burke, R. L. 1990. Conservation of the world's rarest tortoise. ConservationBiology 4(2):122-124.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/tortoise/livestock

______. 1989. Florida gopher tortoise relocation: Overview and case study.Biological Conservation 48(4):295-309.
Key Words: gopher tortoise/habitat loss/management

Burleigh, T. D. 1972. Birds of Idaho. The Caxton Printers, Ltd., Caldwell,ID. 467pp.

Burley, F. W. 1988. Monitoring biological diversity for setting prioritiesin conservation. Pp. 227-230 in Biodiversity, editor E. O. Wilson.Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
Key Words: species diversity/methods/theory

Burney, D. A. 1993. Recent animal extinctions: Recipes for disaster.American Scientist 81(6):530- 541.
Key Words: ecology/other social science/species diversity/theory

Burrough, P. A. 1986. Principles of geographic information systems for landresources assessment. Oxford Clarendon Press, London, U.K. l92pp.

Burt, T. and N. Haycock. 1991. Farming and nitrate pollution. Geography76(1):60-63.
Key Words: aquatic/agriculture/ecosystem stress

Burton, I., R. W. Kates and G. F. White. 1978. The environment as hazard.New York: Oxford University Press.

Burton, I. and P. Timmerman. 1989. Human dimensions of global change: Areview of responsibilities and opportunities. International Social ScienceJournal 41(3):315-345.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/all levels of diversity/humanpopulation/economic activity/management/theory

Buttel, F. H. and P. J. Taylor. 1992. Environmental sociology and globalenvironmental change: A critical assessment. Society and Natural Resources5(3):211-230.
Key Words: sociology/theory

Butzer, K. W. 1989. Cultural ecology. Pp. 192-208 in Geography in America,editors G. L. Gaile and C. J. Willmott. Columbus, OH: Merrill Publishing Co.
Key Words: geography/theory

Cadman, M. D., P. F. J. Eagles, and F. M. Helleiner. 1987. Atlas of thebreeding birds of Ontario. Univ. of Waterloo Press, Waterloo, Out., Can.617pp.

Caldwell, L. K. 1991. Globalizing environmentalism: Threshold of a new phasein international relations. Society and Natural Resources 4(3):259-272.
Key Words: government policy/management

Campbell, D. J. 1986. The prospect for desertification in Kajiado district,Kenya. The Geographical Journal 152(1):44-55.
Key Words: tropical/Kenya/livestock/agriculture/habitat loss

Canhos, V. P., D. L. Canhos and S. De Souza. 1993. Establishment of acomputerized biodiversity/biotechnology network: The Brazilian effort.Journal of Biotechnology 31(1):67-?

Cannamela, D. A. 1990. Dworshak round-up. Idaho Wildlife 10(4):4-7.
Key Words: landscape diversity/USA/fisheries/water development/habitatloss/ecosystem stress

Carleton, R. G. 1991. Coastal-zone biodiversity patterns. BioScience41(7):490-498.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/coastal

Carpenter, R. A., editor. 1983. Natural systems for development: Whatplanners need to know. New York: MacMillan Publishing Co.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/all levels of diversity/human population/economic activity/government policy/rural development/habitat loss/management/theory/ methods

Carpenter, R. A. and S. Sani. 1983. Urban air pollution. Pp. 335-387 inNatural systems for development: What planners need to know, editor R. A.Carpenter. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.
Key Words: economic activity/industry/ecosystem stress

Carrier, J. G. and E. Krippl. 1990. Comprehensive study of European forestsassesses damage and economic losses from air pollution. EnvironmentalConservation 17(4):365-366.
Key Words: Europe/economic activity/forestry/industry/ecosystem stress

Carter, L. E. 1992. Wilderness and its role in the preservation ofbiodiversity: The need for a shift in emphasis. The Australian Zoologist28(1-4):28-?

Catton, W. R. Jr. and R. E. Dunlap. 1978. Environmental sociology: A newparadigm. The American Sociologist 13:252-256.
Key Words: sociology/theory/modeling

Caufield, C. 1984. In the rainforest. London: Pan Books Ltd.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/all levels of diversity/tropical/theory/management

Chadwick, D. H. 1990. Mission for the 90's: The biodiversity challenge.Defenders 65(3):19-30.
Key Words: ecology/all levels of diversity/habitat fragmentation

Chang, K. T., D. L. Verbyla, J. J. Yeo and Z. X. Li. 1994. GIS-based programaids wildlife habitat and timber management. GIS World 7(1):40-43.
Key Words: fauna/management/habitat loss

Chavez, P. S. 1988. An Improved Dark-Object Subtraction Technique forAtmospheric Scattering Correction of Multispectral Data. Remote Sensing ofEnvironment, 24:459-479.

Cheatham, N.H., and J. R. Haller. 1975. An annotated list of Californiahabitat types. University of California Natural Land and Water ReserveSystem, unpubl. manuscript.

Chisolm, M., A. E. Frey and P. Haggett. 1971. Regional forecasting. Hamden,CT: Archon Books.

Choudhury, A. 1987. Railway threat to Kaziranga. Oryx 2(3):160-163.
Key Words: species diversity/fauna/human population/economic activity/ruraldevelopment/ecosystem stress

Christiansson, C. 1988. Degradation and rehabilitation of agropastoral landperspectives on environmental change in semiarid Tanzania. Ambio17(2):144-152.
Key Words: ecology/Tanzania/human population/economic activity/governmentpolicy/agriculture/livestock/management

Clark, C. W. 1989. Bioeconomics. Pp. 275-286 in Perspectives in ecologicaltheory, editors J. Roughgarden, R. M. May and S. A. Levin. Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/theory

Clark, M. E. 1992. Tasks for future ecologists. Environmental Values1(1):35-46.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/theory

Clark, W. C. 1989. The human ecology of global change. International SocialScience Journal 41(3):315-345.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/all levels of diversity/humanpopulation/economic activity/management/theory

Clark, W. C. and R. E. Munn. 1986. Sustainable development of the biosphere.New York: Cambridge University Press.
Key Words: interdisciplinary/all levels of diversity/humanpopulation/economic activity/government policy/rural development/management

Cloudsley-Thompson, J. L. 1993. The adaptational diversity of desert biota.Environmental Conservation 20(3):227-231.
Key Words: species diversity/natural forces

______. 1992. Okavango the 'jewel that hangs by a thread'. EnvironmentalConservation 19(4):355-357.
Key Words: species diversity/water development/livestock/management

Coblentz, B. E. 1990. Exotic organisms: A dilemma for conservation biology.Conservation Biology 4(3):261-265.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/ecosystem stress/management/theory

Cody, M. L. 1986. Diversity, rarity, and conservation in Mediterraneanclimate regions. Pp. 123-152 in Conservation biology: The science ofscarcity and diversity, editor M. E. Soulé. Sunderland, MA: SinauerAssociates, Inc.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/theory

Cody, M. L., editor. 1985. Habitat selection in birds. Academic Press,Orlando, Fla. 558pp.

Cognetti, G. and M. Curini-Galletti. 1993. Biodiversity conservationproblems in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 26(4):179-183.
Key Words: all levels of diversity/marine/fisheries

Cohen, B. 1989. Developing sociological knowledge: Theory and method, 2nded. Chicago, IL: Nelson Hall.
Key Words: sociology/human population/theory

Colwell, B. N., editor. 1983. The manual of remote sensing. American Societyof Photogrammetry. Falls Church, Va. 2143pp.

Conroy M.J. & Noon B.R. 1996. Mapping species richness for conservation of biological diversity: Conceptual and methodological issues. Ecological Applications. 6 (3): 763-773.

Cook, A. G., A. C. Janetos and W. T. Hinds. 1990. Global effects of tropicaldeforestation. Environmental Conservation 17(3):201-212.
Key Words: tropical/deforestation/theory

Corbley K.P. 1996. National GIS fills "gaps" in biological diversity. GIS World. 9 (8): 50-53.

D’Erchia F. 1995. Geographic information systems and remote sensing applications for ecosystem management. Environmental Management Technical Center. Wisconsin. 27.

Desender, K. and H. Turin. 1989. Loss of habitats and changes in thecomposition of the ground and tiger beetle fauna in four west Europeancountries since 1950 (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Cicindelidae). BiologicalConservation 48(4):277-294.
Key Words: species diversity/tiger beetles/Europe/agriculture/habitatloss/habitat fragmentation

Detwyler, T. R., compiler. 1971. Man's impact on environment. New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company.

di Castri, F. and A. J. Hansen. 1992. The environment and development crisesas determinants of landscape dynamics. Pp. 3-18 in Landscape boundaries:Consequences for biotic diversity and ecological flows, editors A. J. Hansenand F. di Castri. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Key Words: ecology/landscape diversity/habitat fragmentation

Diamond, J. 1986. The design of a nature reserve system for Indonesian NewGuinea. Pages 485- 503 in M. E. Soule, ed. Conservation biology: the scienceof scarcity and diversity. Sinauer Asso ciates, Inc., Sunderland, Mass.

Diamond, J. 1984. Historic extinction: A Rosetta stone for understandingprehistoric extinctions. Pp. 824-862 in Quaternary extinctions: Aprehistoric revolution, editors P. S. Martin and R. G. Klein. Tucson, AZ:The University of Arizona Press.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/theory

Diamond, J. M. 1984. 'Normal' extinctions of isolated populations. Pp.191-246 in Extinctions, editor M. H. Nitecki. Chicago, IL: University ofChicago Press.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/theory

Dietz, T. and L. Kalof. 1992. Environmentalism among nation-states. SocialIndicators Research 26(4):353-366.
Key Words: government policy/protected areas

Dixon, J. A. 1993. Economic benefits of marine protected areas. Oceanus36(3):35-40.
Key Words: economics/marine/tourism/protected areas/management

Dixon, J. A. and P. B. Sherman. 1991. Economics of protected areas. Ambio20(2):68-74.
Key Words: economics/government policy/protected areas

Doak, D. 1989. Spotted owls and old growth logging in the Pacific Northwest.Conservation Biology 3(4):389-396.
Key Words: ecology/birds/habitat loss/habitat fragmentation/management/theory

Dobson, T. 1992. Loss of biodiversity: An international environmental policyperspective. North Carolina Journal of International Law 17(2):277-?

Dodd, C. K. 1990. Effects of habitat fragmentation on a stream-dwellingspecies, the flattened musk turtle Sternotherus depressus. BiologicalConservation 54(1):33-45.
Key Words: ecology/species diversity/agriculture/industry/waterdevelopment/habitat loss/ecosystem stress/theory

Dodd, J. L. 1994. Desertification and degradation in sub-Saharan Africa.BioScience 44(1):28-34.
Key Words: ecology/Africa/livestock/theory

Dourojeanni, M. J. 1990. Entomology and biodiversity conservation in LatinAmerica. American Entomologist 36(2):88-93.
Key Words: other biological science/species diversity/invertebrates/LatinAmerica

Dove, M. 1993. A revisionist view of tropical deforestation and development.Environmental Conservation 20(1):17-24.
Key Words: economics/tropical/economic activity/governmentpolicy/deforestation

Dover, M. and L. M. Talbot. 1987. To feed the earth: Agro-ecology forsustainable development. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute.
Key Words: ecology/agriculture/management/theory

Downing, T. E., S. Lezberg, C. Williams and L. Berry. 1990. Populationchange and environment in central and eastern Kenya. EnvironmentalConservation 17(2):123-133.
Key Words: Kenya/human population/agriculture/urban development/ruraldevelopment/habitat loss

Dowsett-Lemaire, F. and R. J. Dowsett. 1988. Threats to the evergreenforests of southern Malawi. Oryx 22(3):158-162.
Key Words: tropical/Malawi/human population/agriculture/forestry

Driese K.L., Reiners W.A., Merrill E.H., & Gerow K.G. 1997. A digital land cover map of Wyoming, USA: A tool vegetation analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science. 8 (1): 133-146.

Fautin, R.W. 1946. Biotic communities of the northern desert shrub biome inwestern Utah. Ecol. Monogr. 16: 251-310.

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